Tag Archives: Turkmenistan

BTC pipeline politics, Turkmenistan, and Iran

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The new year has already established two new trends in Caspian Sea geo-economics and BTC pipeline politics as well as confirmed an old one. Two important new trends are an improvement in Turkmenistan’s finances and the refusal of BTC pipeline … Continue reading →

Religion and Political “Modernization” in ex-Soviet Central Asia

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Paper Presented to the International Society for Sociology of Religion, Twenty-third Congress, Quebec City, 26–30 June 1995. Abstract Despite a large literature in Occidental behavioural science, prior to the collapse of the USSR in 1991, on the “Islamic factor” in … Continue reading →